Documentos dialógicos, territórios dialéticos: um estudo sobre murais e seu papel na guerrilha simbólico-material do movimento zapatista de libertação nacional

Abstract

Based on theoretical questions that approach information from studies on culture, politics and economics, this thesis project aims to develop research on the murals, spread throughout the several municipalities commanded by the Zapatista Army of National Liberation (EZLN), in the state of Chiapas, Mexico.. Accompanying some of the lessons of dialectical historical materialism, as well as of the neodocumentalist critique of Information Science and its epistemology strongly influenced by Positivism, which considers documents as neutral and natural objects - associated with objective representations of the institutions to which they are linked - an extreme subjectivism - which condemns the notion of a document by believing that the mind is the only true reality and that objects exist only as aspects of mental consciousness (- will adopt a deviant path of mentalism and its idealistic character, but that in a very broad way a conception of documents purely supported in physicalism, so that we consider our colorful murals as documents forged by a socio-historical, creative and dialectical materiality. Thus, the main objective of the thesis is to study the Zapatista muralist production as documents for the struggle, or as epistemic places beyond official documentation and information centers, but which are born with the explicit intention of producing a counter-hegemony to capitalism neoliberal, that advances on Mexico and the world (dialectical documents in dialectical territories). For the enterprise, two specific objectives are listed: 2-To discuss the transidentity of the Zapatista murals, capable of sewing a "plural singular" discourse aimed at emancipation; 3-Identify possible processes of transformation in the reality of the Zapatista communities resulting from the interaction with the murals, and the progress of the struggle for the construction of their proposal of autonomy and wear of neoliberal capitalism. In this way, we will invest in the hypothesis about Oventic murals as documents, "awakeners" of subjectivities and objectivities, as well as "resources for action". I present this broad community of discourse and action based on informational studies on mediation and, also, from the methodological contribution of visual culture. I also intend to mobilize the oral history methodology, from conversations and semi-directed interviews with the members of the communities and their supporters, in order to direct the debates initiated in the stages of thematic identification - the murals - and of theoretical identification with neodocumentalism and dialectical historical materialism.